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Notarial deeds

When is an interpreter required at the notary?

When a notarial deed is passed, the notary must establish that all appearing parties understand the content of the deed. If this is not the case, an interpreter must be engaged. This obligation follows from the notary’s legal duty of care and is further set out in the Dutch Notaries Act.

Legal framework

Under article 42, paragraph 1, of the Dutch Notaries Act, if a party appearing before the notary does not sufficiently understand the language of the deed, an interpreter must also appear to translate the substantive content of the deed.

This means that when a party does not sufficiently understand Dutch, an interpreter must be engaged who can convey the content of the deed in an understandable way.

Role of the notary

The notary has a duty to establish the identity of the parties, explain the content of the deed, and satisfy themselves that the parties understand that content.

If the notary cannot determine with sufficient certainty that a party understands the deed, the notary will require an interpreter to be present.

Sworn interpreter

In practice, a sworn interpreter is used in almost all cases. This aligns with the level of care required in notarial matters.

A sworn interpreter is registered in the Dutch Register of Sworn Interpreters and Translators, has taken an oath or affirmation, and is bound by professional rules of conduct. This helps safeguard the reliability of the interpretation.

When is an interpreter needed?

An interpreter is generally required where a party does not understand Dutch, where the legal content is complex, or where there is doubt about whether the deed is properly understood.

This occurs, for example, in the purchase of real estate, mortgage deeds, deeds of incorporation, and powers of attorney.

Consequences of proceeding without an interpreter

If an interpreter is required but not used, the notary may refuse to pass the deed, doubt may arise about the legal validity of the deed, and the legal risk increases.

Practical implementation

In practice, the interpreter is arranged before the appointment and informed about the nature of the deed. During the signing process, the interpreter translates the substantive content for the relevant party.

Arrange it in advance

If an interpreter is required for your notary appointment, this can be arranged before the appointment so the deed can be passed without delay.

Related notary guides

Useful follow-up pages for visitors comparing legal requirements, costs, and specific deed situations.

Arrange an interpreter for the notary

How arranging a sworn interpreter works and when to do it in advance.

 Interpreter for a mortgage deed

What to expect when an interpreter is needed for a hypotheekakte.

 Interpreter costs for the notary

More clarity on pricing, travel costs, and what influences the total fee.

 English interpreter at the notary

Useful for English-speaking clients, deeds, and cross-border property matters.

Frequently asked questions

Short answers to common questions about when an interpreter is required at the notary.

Is an interpreter always required at the notary?

No. Only if a party does not sufficiently understand the language of the deed.

Who decides whether an interpreter is needed?

The notary assesses this on the basis of the legal duty of care.

Must the interpreter be sworn?

The law refers to an interpreter who, where possible, is also a sworn translator. In practice, a sworn interpreter is used in almost all cases.

Can a friend or family member interpret?

Generally not, given the required independence and reliability.

Arrange a sworn interpreter for your notary appointment